What causes them?
- overexertion
- failing to stretch adequately before exercise
- extreme hot or cold
- dehydration
- salt imbalances after sweating
- low blood sugar
The most prevalent cause of muscle cramps appears to be overexertion, either exercising for a longer duration than normal or at a higher intensity. This is why cramps are common at the end of a long or strenuous activity, such as a marathon, or after a particularly high-intensity exercise, such as a sprint. Despite the fact that the risk factors are known, the exact cause of cramping is not well understood. One theory is that muscle cramps occur when muscles are shortened and repeatedly stimulated without being stretched.
Treatment :
- Take the cramped foot in your hands. Elevate your foot on a pillow to the level of your waist.
- Slowly, but firmly, move it in the opposite direction of the cramped position.
- Spread some deep heat cream generously over the area and gently massage it for 5 to 10 minutes
- Rest and stay off your foot. Give the muscle, tendon or nerve mass time to heal.
- You can also give the casualty drink fluids, preferably a sports drink. An electrolyte imbalance can be the cause of muscle spasms, so rehydrating with an electrolyte sports drink can help restore balance.
How to prevent Cramps :
- Don’t take salt tablets as it may cause dehydration, nausea and vomiting.
- Before you begin and during the course of the exercise drink plenty of water.
- Warm up before exercise. Working a cold muscle can cause cramping and injury.
***The End***
